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Diamonds « Back to Education

  • DIAMONDS

    DIAMONDS

        
    • History
    • A Brief History
    • Diamond Cutting
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    • Shape
    • Four Cs
    • Cut
    • Color
    • Clarity

      Diamond Clarity

      Clarity Grade
      Description Illustration
      Illustration
      Photo
      Fl
      Flawless - No blemishes or inclusions.
      Flawless Diamond Graphic
      Flawless Diamond

      ENLARGE

      Flawless Diamond Zoom

      Flawless round diamond at 30x magnification - This diamond exhibits no blemishes or inclusions
      IF
      Internally Flawless - No inclusions. Insignificant blemishes.
      Internall Flawless Diamon graphic
      Internally Flawless Diamond

      ENLARGE

      Internally Flawless Diamond Zoom

      Internally flawless round diamond at 30x magnification - This diamond exhibits no inclusions, i.e. it is absolutely transparent. The small red area encircles a surface blemish - bearding, which shows tiny cleavages along the girdle that are discernable on the surface, but can be cut away with negligible weight loss. Bearding does not downgrade the clarity of the diamond.
      VVS1, VVS2
      Very, Very Slightly Included: Very difficult to see inclusions under 10x magnification.
      VVS1, VVS2 Diamond Graphic
      VVS1, VVS2 Diamond Zoom

      ENLARGE

      VVS1 Diamond Zoom

      Very Very Slightly Included (VVS1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a single inclusion. The small red area encircles a pinpoint inclusion under the table. It is very difficult to see this inclusion at even 10x magnification.
      VVS2 Diamond Zoom

      Very Very Slightly Included (VVS2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light cloud under the table. The small red area encircles this inclusion. It is difficult to see the cloud at even 10x magnification.
      VS1, VS2
      Very Slightly Included: Minor inclusions are not visible to the unaided eye. Less expensive than the VVS1 or VVS2 grades.
      VS1, VS2 Diamond Graphic
      VS1, VS2 Diamond

      ENLARGE

      VS1 Diamond Zoom

      Very Slightly Included (VS1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a single inclusion. The red area encircles a fissure in a crown main facet which can be seen under the table. This inclusion will not be visible to the naked eye.
      VS2 Diamond Zoom

      Very Slightly Included (VS2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits three light crystals - highlighted in the smaller red circles, and a fissure - the diagonal white line at the 9 o'clock position under the table.
      SI1, SI2
      Slightly Included: Inclusions are visible under 10x magnification but not easily visible to the naked eye.
      SI1, SI2 Diamond Graphic
      SI1, SI2 Diamond

      ENLARGE

      SI1 Diamond Zoom

      Slightly Included (SI1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light cleavage in several pavilion facets. The red area encircles the cleavage, which can be seen under the table. This inclusion will not be easily visible to the naked eye.
      SI2 Diamond Zoom

      Slightly Included (SI2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a small light cloud and a cleavage under the table. These inclusions will not be easily visible to the naked eye.
      SI3
      Slightly Included: SI3 is an EGL (European Gemological Laboratory) grade and is not reported by GIA (Gemological Institute of America) or (American Gemological Society). Inclusions are visible under 10x magnification and barely visible to the naked eye.
      SI3 Diamond Graphic
      SI3 Diamond

      ENLARGE

      SI3 Diamond Zoom

      Slightly Included (SI3) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light compact cloud under the table. The red area encircles the cloud. This inclusion may be barely visible to the naked eye.
      I1
      Included: Inclusions are obvious at 10x magnification, but in small brilliant-cut diamonds they are barely visible through the crown to the unaided eye. Good choice for people on a limited budget.
      I1 Diamond Graphic
      I1 Diamond

      ENLARGE

      I1 Diamond Zoom

      Included (I1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond shows a fissure under the crown facets starting at the girdle. The red area encircles the fissure. This inclusion will be visible under 10x magnification and barely visible to the naked eye.
      I2, I3
      Included: Inclusions are easily visible to the naked eye. Often used in discount jewelry.
      I2, I3 Diamond Graphic
      I2, I3 Diamond

      ENLARGE

      I2 Diamond Zoom

      Included (I2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond shows a dark crystal inclusion under the table. The red area encircles the inclusion. This inclusion will be visible under 10x magnification and easily visible to the naked eye.
      I3 Diamond Zoom

      Included (I3) round diamond at 30x magnification with a large cleavage extending throughout the whole stone. The red area encircles the cleavage. This inclusion will be easily visible under 10x magnification and noticeable to the naked eye.

      Common Diamond Blemishes and Inclusions

      Diamond Cleavage Fissures

      Cleavage Fissures

      Cleavages always occur in straight lines along the cleavage planes (the four natural octahedral faces of the diamond). The photograph at left shows fissures (a type of cleavage fracture) originating from the girdle.
      Diamond Bearding

      Bearding

      Bearding shown here along the diamond's girdle. Bearding is caused when another diamond is worked against the girdle in a process known as bruting. If performed too vigorously, small cracks may result along the girdle. These cracks are collectively referred to as bearding. As with any fracture, bearding fissures must be judged as to how they will affect the stone's integrity.
      Diamond Fractures

      Fractures

      Fractures occur in all directions and are often jagged. The fracture shown at left runs underneath the table.
      Diamond Feather-like cleavage

      Feather-like cleavage

      Feathers are cracks that run perpendicular to the natural planes of the diamond (the cleavage planes). Feathers appear white and feathery.
      Diamond Octahedron

      Diamond Octahedron

      This is a type of crystal inclusion, shown here under the crown facet of the diamond. The inclusion is itself a tiny diamond.
      Diamond Clouds

      Clouds

      These inclusions, which look like clouds, consist of microscopically small dust-like voids or impurities. If the clouds are light and diffused (spread-out), they will diminish the clarity of the stone only slightly. If, however, they are large, compact and dark, like the cloud in the stone at left, they will cause the diamond's clarity to be downgraded.
      Diamond with Several Clouds

      Clouds

      This diamond has several clouds that are small, light and diffused as opposed to the cloud (above and right). These clouds will have only minor impact on the diamond's clarity grade.
      Diamond Nicks

      Nick

      Nicks are wedge-shaped cuts that occur most often near the girdle. Nicks result from stress on the diamond, and may be caused during diamond setting.
      Diamond Fracture

      Fracture

      The diamond's surface may be damaged during the cutting or polishing stage resulting in a fracture. Fractures are usually small, but may be medium-sized or large. The fracture shown at left along the girdle of the stone is medium-sized.
      Diamond Garnet Crystal

      Garnet crystal

      Diamond crystals often grow around Garnet crystals.
      Natural Diamond

      Natural

      A natural is an unpolished area of the original diamond crystal that is left on a finished stone. Naturals are left on the girdle during the bruting, or rounding process. A diamond can be graded flawless with a small natural on the girdle. However, if the natural extends into the crown or pavilion facets, or if it flattens the girdle, it will downgrade the diamond.
      Diamond Twinning Planes

      Twinning Planes

      Sometimes during the growth of a diamond crystal, or if the crystal is subjected to stress or temperature/pressure conditions different from those under which it originally formed, two or more intergrown symmetrical crystals are formed.
      In Association with Amazon.com

      Buy Books about Diamonds and Gems

      Gemnation has partnered with Amazon.com to bring you
      the most relevant diamond, gem and ring buying books and guides.
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  • WATCHES

    WATCHES

        
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    Jewelry

        
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    PEARLS

        
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    RUBIES

        
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    SAPPHIRES

        
  • BOOKS

    BOOKS

  • GLOSSARY

    GLOSSARY

Diamond Clarity

Clarity Grade
Description Illustration
Illustration
Photo
Fl
Flawless - No blemishes or inclusions.
Fl Flawless Diamond Graphic
Fl Flawless Diamond

ENLARGE

Fl Flawless Diamond Zoom

Flawless round diamond at 30x magnification - This diamond exhibits no blemishes or inclusions
IF
Internally Flawless - No inclusions. Insignificant blemishes.
IF Internally Flawless Diamond Graphic
IF Internally Flawless Diamond

ENLARGE

IF Internally Flawless Diamond Zoom

Internally flawless round diamond at 30x magnification - This diamond exhibits no inclusions, i.e. it is absolutely transparent. The small red area encircles a surface blemish - bearding, which shows tiny cleavages along the girdle that are discernable on the surface, but can be cut away with negligible weight loss. Bearding does not downgrade the clarity of the diamond.
VVS1, VVS2
Very, Very Slightly Included: Very difficult to see inclusions under 10x magnification.
VVS1, VVS2 Very, Very Slightly Included Diamond Graphic
VVS1, VVS2 Very, Very Slightly Included Diamond

ENLARGE

VVS1 Very, Very Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Very Very Slightly Included (VVS1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a single inclusion. The small red area encircles a pinpoint inclusion under the table. It is very difficult to see this inclusion at even 10x magnification.
VVS2 Very, Very Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Very Very Slightly Included (VVS2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light cloud under the table. The small red area encircles this inclusion. It is difficult to see the cloud at even 10x magnification.
VS1, VS2
Very Slightly Included: Minor inclusions are not visible to the unaided eye. Less expensive than the VVS1 or VVS2 grades.
VS1, VS2 Very Slightly Included Diamond Graphic
VS1, VS2 Very Slightly Included Diamond

ENLARGE

VS1 Very Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Very Slightly Included (VS1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a single inclusion. The red area encircles a fissure in a crown main facet which can be seen under the table. This inclusion will not be visible to the naked eye.
VS2 Very Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Very Slightly Included (VS2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits three light crystals - highlighted in the smaller red circles, and a fissure - the diagonal white line at the 9 o'clock position under the table.
SI1, SI2
Slightly Included: Inclusions are visible under 10x magnification but not easily visible to the naked eye.
SI1, SI2 Slightly Included Diamond Graphic
SI1, SI2 Slightly Included Diamond

ENLARGE

SI1 Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Slightly Included (SI1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light cleavage in several pavilion facets. The red area encircles the cleavage, which can be seen under the table. This inclusion will not be easily visible to the naked eye.
SI2 Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Slightly Included (SI2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a small light cloud and a cleavage under the table. These inclusions will not be easily visible to the naked eye.
SI3
Slightly Included: SI3 is an EGL (European Gemological Laboratory) grade and is not reported by GIA (Gemological Institute of America) or (American Gemological Society). Inclusions are visible under 10x magnification and barely visible to the naked eye.
SI3 Slightly Included Diamond Graphic
SI3 Slightly Included Diamond

ENLARGE

SI3 Slightly Included Diamond Zoom

Slightly Included (SI3) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond exhibits a light compact cloud under the table. The red area encircles the cloud. This inclusion may be barely visible to the naked eye.
I1
Included: Inclusions are obvious at 10x magnification, but in small brilliant-cut diamonds they are barely visible through the crown to the unaided eye. Good choice for people on a limited budget.
I1 Included Diamond Graphic
I1 Included Diamond

ENLARGE

I1 Included Diamond Zoom

Included (I1) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond shows a fissure under the crown facets starting at the girdle. The red area encircles the fissure. This inclusion will be visible under 10x magnification and barely visible to the naked eye.
I2, I3
Included: Inclusions are easily visible to the naked eye. Often used in discount jewelry.
I2, I3 Included Diamond Graphic
I2, I3 Included Diamond

ENLARGE

I2 Included Diamond Zoom

Included (I2) round diamond at 30x magnification - this diamond shows a dark crystal inclusion under the table. The red area encircles the inclusion. This inclusion will be visible under 10x magnification and easily visible to the naked eye.
I3 Included Diamond Zoom

Included (I3) round diamond at 30x magnification with a large cleavage extending throughout the whole stone. The red area encircles the cleavage. This inclusion will be easily visible under 10x magnification and noticeable to the naked eye.

Common Diamond Blemishes and Inclusions

Diamond Cleavage Fissures

Cleavage Fissures

Cleavages always occur in straight lines along the cleavage planes (the four natural octahedral faces of the diamond). The photograph at left shows fissures (a type of cleavage fracture) originating from the girdle.
Diamond Bearding

Bearding

Bearding shown here along the diamond's girdle. Bearding is caused when another diamond is worked against the girdle in a process known as bruting. If performed too vigorously, small cracks may result along the girdle. These cracks are collectively referred to as bearding. As with any fracture, bearding fissures must be judged as to how they will affect the stone's integrity.
Diamond Fractures

Fractures

Fractures occur in all directions and are often jagged. The fracture shown at left runs underneath the table.
Diamond Feather-like Cleavage

Feather-like cleavage

Feathers are cracks that run perpendicular to the natural planes of the diamond (the cleavage planes). Feathers appear white and feathery.
Diamond Octahedron

Diamond Octahedron

This is a type of crystal inclusion, shown here under the crown facet of the diamond. The inclusion is itself a tiny diamond.
Diamond Clouds

Clouds

These inclusions, which look like clouds, consist of microscopically small dust-like voids or impurities. If the clouds are light and diffused (spread-out), they will diminish the clarity of the stone only slightly. If, however, they are large, compact and dark, like the cloud in the stone at left, they will cause the diamond's clarity to be downgraded.
Diamond Clouds

Clouds

This diamond has several clouds that are small, light and diffused as opposed to the cloud (above and right). These clouds will have only minor impact on the diamond's clarity grade.
Diamond Nicks

Nick

Nicks are wedge-shaped cuts that occur most often near the girdle. Nicks result from stress on the diamond, and may be caused during diamond setting.
Diamond Fracture

Fracture

The diamond's surface may be damaged during the cutting or polishing stage resulting in a fracture. Fractures are usually small, but may be medium-sized or large. The fracture shown at left along the girdle of the stone is medium-sized.
Diamond Garnet Crystal

Garnet crystal

Diamond crystals often grow around Garnet crystals.
Natural Diamond

Natural

A natural is an unpolished area of the original diamond crystal that is left on a finished stone. Naturals are left on the girdle during the bruting, or rounding process. A diamond can be graded flawless with a small natural on the girdle. However, if the natural extends into the crown or pavilion facets, or if it flattens the girdle, it will downgrade the diamond.
Diamond Twinning Planes

Twinning Planes

Sometimes during the growth of a diamond crystal, or if the crystal is subjected to stress or temperature/pressure conditions different from those under which it originally formed, two or more intergrown symmetrical crystals are formed.
In Association with Amazon.com

Buy Books about Diamonds and Gems

Gemnation has partnered with Amazon.com to bring you
the most relevant diamond, gem and ring buying books and guides.
Email Us Live Chat Call 866-323-8463 Call 718-663-3970